Motherboard components

The power supply:It provides power to the motherboard. The color yellow-coded wire stands for 12V, the black wire is 0V, and the red wire is +5V. The input/output or I/O port of the motherboard has color-coded ports too. The Violet is for the keyboard port and the green is for the mouse. The lime color-coded audio port is for the speaker and the pink is for the microphone. The white card slot is called the PCI slots, and the RTC battery, a device that would synchronize the clock in real-time. Another component of the motherboard is the Central Processing Unit (CPU) slot, where a brain of the computer is placed. You can also see the Memory of the computer called RAM or Random Access memory, a temporary memory and the ROM or Read-Only Memory, a permanent memory. The ISA is where the video card slots.

Operating System

OS provides an interface between the user or application program and the computer hardware.

Operating systems can be classified as follows:

# multi-user : Allows two or more users to run programs at the same time. Some operating systems permit hundreds or even thousands of concurrent users.
# multiprocessing : Supports running a program on more than one CPU.
# multitasking : Allows more than one program to run concurrently.
# multithreading : Allows different parts of a single program to run concurrently.
# real time: Responds to input instantly. General-purpose operating systems, such as DOS and UNIX, are not real-time.

Operating systems provide a software platform on top of which other programs, called application programs, can run. The application programs must be written to run on top of a particular operating system. Your choice of operating system, therefore, determines to a great extent the applications you can run. For PCs, the most popular operating systems are DOS, OS/2, and Windows, but others are available, such as Linux.

As a user, you normally interact with the operating system through a set of commands. For example, the DOS operating system contains commands such as COPY and RENAME for copying files and changing the names of files, respectively. The commands are accepted and executed by a part of the operating system called the command processor or command line interpreter. Graphical user interfaces allow you to enter commands by pointing and clicking at objects that appear on the screen.

Source:webopedia.com

The difference between System Software and Application Software

According to Wikipedia, Application software is any tool that functions and is operated by means of a computer, with the purpose of supporting or improving the software user's work. In other words, it is the subclass of computer software that employs the capabilities of a computer directly and thoroughly to a task that the user wishes to perform. This should be contrasted with system software (infrastructure) or middleware (computer services/ processes integrators), which is involved in integrating a computer's various capabilities, but typically does not directly apply them in the performance of tasks that benefit the user. In this context the term application refers to both the application software and its implementation. While the System Software as defined by webopedia.com,it refers to the operating system and all utility programs that manage computer resources at a low level. Software is generally divided into systems software and applications software. Applications software comprises programs designed for an end user, such as word processors, database systems, and spreadsheet programs. Systems software includes compilers, loaders, linkers, and debuggers. Wikipedia also defined System Software as System software is closely related to, but distinct from operating system. It is a computer software that provides the infrastructure over operating system which programs can operate, i.e. it allows application programs to perform different task on the computer. Operating systems, such as Microsoft Windows NT, Mac OS X or Linux, builds a virtual machine for the system software what they can use. [1]

System software is software that basically allows the user to work. Without the system software the computer cannot do complex tasks. In contrast to system software, software that allows you to do things like create text documents, play games, listen to music, or surf the web is called application software.[2]

In general application programs are software that enable the end-user to perform specific, productive tasks, such as word processing or image manipulation. System software performs tasks like transferring data from memory to disk, or rendering text onto a display device.

System Software is a group of program that coordinate and control the resources and operations of a computer system. It enables the many components of the computer system to communicate and is made up of three categories: Operating systems, utilities, and language translators

What is Search Engine?

Search engine is a software program that lets you search the internet using keywords.

How does a search Engine Work?
The search engine contains two programmed elements: spiders and index. The spiders or crawlers is a search engine robot that searches the internet for the keywords. It is called a spider because it crawls the web continually, examining Web sites and finding and looking for links.
The index: When the spider finds a page, it feeds that data to the index.

Source: Wells basic Computer Concepts

The latest search engine today is the "bing"
Below are some examples of Search Engines:

1993 Aliweb Launch
JumpStation Launch
1994 WebCrawler Launch
Infoseek Launch
Lycos Launch
1995 AltaVista Launch
Open Text Web Index Launch[1]
Magellan Launch
Excite Launch
SAPO Launch
1996 Dogpile Launch
Inktomi Founded
HotBot Founded
Ask Jeeves Founded
1997 Northern Light Launch
Yandex Launch
1998 Google Launch
1999 AlltheWeb Launch
GenieKnows Founded
Naver Launch
Teoma Founded
Vivisimo Founded
2000 Baidu Founded
Exalead Founded
2003 Info.com Launch
2004 Yahoo! Search Final launch
A9.com Launch
Sogou Launch
2005 MSN Search Final launch
Ask.com Launch
GoodSearch Launch
SearchMe Founded
2006 wikiseek Founded
Quaero Founded
Ask.com Launch
Live Search Launch
ChaCha Beta Launch
Guruji.com Beta Launch
2007 wikiseek Launched
Sproose Launched
Wikia Search Launched
Blackle.com Launched
2008 Powerset Launched
Viewzi Launched
Cuil Launched
Boogami Launched
LeapFish Beta Launch
VADLO Launched
Sperse! Search Launched
Duck Duck Go Launched
Searchme Launched
2009 Bing Launched

Some common acronyms

* WWW-World Wide Web
* URL-Uniform Resource Locator
* HTTP-Hypertext Transfer Protocol
* FTP- File Transfer Protocol
* WYSIWYG-What You See Is What You Get
* GIGO-Garbage In Garbage Out
* WWW3C-World Wide Web Consortium
* LILO-Last In Last Out
* ROM-Read-Only Memory
* YAHOO Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle :-)
YAHOO Yet Another Hierarchically Organized Oracle
YAHOO Yet Another Hypertext Online Organizer
YAHOO Yet Another Helpful Operation Origin :-)
YAHOO Yet Another Hierarchically Object-Oriented
* IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
* ANSI - American National Standards Institute
* IP- Internet Protocol
* TCP/IP- Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

Network Devices

* Modem
* LAN Cards
* Routers
* Satellite
* CCTV
* Switch
* Hub
* Repeater
* Bridge
* Cellphone